A new synagogue was built in 1601.

The former synagogue is the last of the Jewish religious buildings in Brentanostrasse, which was called Jews Lane until 1906. The synagogue is a Baroque building which was extended in the Classical style. The synagogue and its Baroque ark remained undamaged in the pogrom of 9 November 1938, because there were no more Jews in Gelnhausen and the synagogue had been sold for use as a storehouse. It was reopened as a cultural centre in 1986.